Should We Separate The Classrooms - 1800 Words

Ozlem Kayar Dr.Seran Aktuna ENG101N-003 03 December 2015 Argumentative Essay Should We Separate the Classrooms? In todays world, education is one of the crucial points to create a qualified generation for a better future. People have many different suggestions to advance current teaching methods in schools. Separation in classes by gender is one of the quite controversial ones among these suggestions. While some people believe that male and female students should be educated in divided classes with different teaching methods, others claim that this would be a wrong approach for educational process. In this essay, I will discuss why single-sex education would be a failure in the long run. I will present some articles written by reputable authors who support separate education according to gender. â€Å"The Gender Gap at School† is an article written by David Brooks and published in The New York Times on June 11 ,2006. Brooks begins his article by using an example about sections in bookstores separated as men and women and he continues by talking the di fferences in the book preferences by gender. He presents a survey among males and females about their favorite books; according to results while the women choose the novels authored by women, men decide on male authors’ books. Same survey shows that novels about relationships are more tempting for women compared to men. Brooks relates these different preferences between men and women to some varied factors. In his opinions theShow MoreRelatedSingle-Sex Education and Co-ed Education Essay1059 Words   |  5 PagesSingle-Sex Education and Coed Education. The single-sex format creates opportunities that do not exist in the coed classroom. (Edison 1) Researchers are unaware that both genders brains function differently. This lack of knowledge may be why the real truth about single-sex education being more efficient than co-ed education has not been discovered. Some say single-sex education may be the key for a brighter generation. It shows to improve test score dramatically. The number of public schools experimentingRead MoreEssay on Inclusion and Least Restrictive Environment 921 Words   |  4 PagesThere are many problems with today’s education, but one of the main problems would be the topic of inclusion vs. self-contained classroom. Many people have different opinions on this topic. For instance, some believe that disabled children should be separated from non-disabled children in classrooms, while others believe they should not be separated. There are many advantages and disadvantages to both sides of this situation. The views of both of these choices are completely opposite. On one sideRead MoreThe Problem Of Single Sex Schools894 Words   |  4 PagesThe most important reason we attend school is to get an education despite how cliche it may sound. The reason to believe single sex schools could help is very much a possibility. According to some researchers girls already learn more in class when the class temperature is warm while boys are opposite in they learn better in a more cool environment (Great Kids). While this is just a basic experiment and may not always be the case, separation between sexes could be a possible solution towards raisingRead MoreStereotyping Is A Natural Instinct That Humans1688 Words   |  7 Pagesappearance, whether that is concerning body shape, the clothes we wear, or the color of our skin. Stereotyping is a natural instinct that humans have because they feel the need to classify people in order to not feel threatened by them. Humans feel an obligation to know and u nderstand people but do not necessarily want to be associated with them, thus they place people into specific groups, labeling them. One of the primary ways that we stereotype people is by their race. Being a minority that hasRead MoreMainstreaming Special Needs Children1627 Words   |  7 Pagesto attend school, the issue of whether or not to place the child in a regular classroom or special needs classroom arises. This is when mainstreaming comes into place. Mainstreaming special needs children into the regular classroom has been a worldwide controversy; however, there are many advantages to placing these children there. In the past disabled children were always looked upon differently and placed into separate schools or buildings. On November 29, 1975, the separation of regular studentsRead MoreClassroom Management Is The Most Important Responsibility I Will Have As A Teacher991 Words   |  4 Pages Classroom management is probably the most important responsibility I will have as a teacher. Without a comprehensive plan I cannot ensure that my students will have a welcoming, safe, and nurturing environment or that they will reap the full benefits of their education. With this in mind, I believe that the students also have a responsibility to create a classroom environment that works best for them and their peers. To make this happen we will have to work together as a cohesive unit and comeRead More Inclusion Essay1621 Words   |  7 Pages Although no consensus exists about the definition of inclusion, it can usually be agreed upon that inclusion is a movement to merge regular and special education so that all students can be educated together in a general education classroom. Because of the lack of consensus, inclusion is a hotly debated topic in education today. Mainstreaming and Inclusion are used interchangably for many people. This is where the confusion may lie. For the purpose of this paper I will be using the term inclusionRead MoreThe Power Of Observation : A Highly Valuable889 Words   |  4 PagesThe Power of Observation: A highly valuable, yet untapped, resource As teachers, many times we become stuck in our silos and feel alone and having to fend for ourselves. As the years go on we develop our routines and tend to deviate from our norms less and less frequently. Why fix what’s not broken, right? Before I continue I should let you know that I was a high school math teacher for 10 years when I transferred to a position as a high school math coach. This past school year I was presented withRead MoreSingle Sex Schools Should Be Taught1424 Words   |  6 Pagesof each classroom environment. Standardized tests are the easiest way to seek out improvements, failures, and general differences between students. Utilizing the power, these tests had been administered in experimenting single sex and co-educational school students for how they have comprehended and transferred the information. One exemplification of Single sex classes effectiveness is: â€Å"(s)tudents in the 4th grade at Woodward were assigned either to single-sex or coed classrooms. All relevantRead MoreSingle Sex Classrooms Helps Increase Self Esteem973 Words   |  4 Pageslong ago and little still today. That means that girls and boys are instructed in separate schools or classrooms. How does single-sex education benefits students? That is the question that some parents make themselves when their sons enter school. Researches demonstrate that single sex classrooms helps increase self esteem; offer an environment that students feel more confortable in which will lead to better classroom discussion s; Increases in subjects that certain genders are usually not interested

Islam A Religion Of Hatred And Crime - 1018 Words

Veldana Mesinovic Mr.Petersen Advanced History 10 Period 6 24 November 2015 Islam Islam, meaning peace in Arabic, is one of the most misunderstood religions in the world. Many people view it as a religion of hatred and crime, while others view it as peace. Islam is the world’s second largest religion and the youngest. There are approximately 1.57 billion Muslims in the world today. The origin of Islam, Prophet Muhammad, and beliefs of Islam affect how Islam is being taught and viewed today. Islam originated 610 AD in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. Throughout time there are many stories and legends on how Islam sprung. According to the Quran it declares, that the holy book of Islam was brought down by angel Gabriel from Allah. Angel Gabriel gave the holy book to Prophet Muhammad. To prove this, the Quran states, this is a revelation from the Lord of the universe. The Honest Spirit (Gabriel) came down with it, to reveal it into your heart that you may be one of the warners, in a perfect Arabic tongue (Sura 26:192-195). Say, Anyone who opposes Gabriel should know that he has brought down this (the Qur an) into your heart, in accordance with God s will, confirming previous scriptures, and providing guidance and good news for the believers (Sura 2:97). [http://www.allaboutreligion.org/origin-of-islam.htm] The prophets before Muhammad, all contributed to the religion of Islam, but prophet Muhammad made it final by the revelation of the Quran and how to be a correct Muslim.Show MoreRelatedThe Millennial Generation Must End Islam Phobia1259 Words   |  6 Pagesshall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances† (US Cons. amend. I. Print). This right has been taken away from Muslims, Millennials need to work together to reach solidarity for the Muslim community. The Millennial Generation must end Islam phobia in the United States and around the worldRead MoreIslamophobia Is The Emotion Of Prejudice Against Islam And Muslims Essay1131 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent ethnicities, different religions, and different understandings. A person would think that people would be captivated by the differences and would love to explore, learn and accept these distinctions; it brings more knowledge to the world. However, people would rather be appalled by these differences and rather xenophobic. One of the most notorious phobias’ exhibited in the United States is Islamophobia. Islamophobia is the emotion of prejudice against Islam and Muslims. It is typical forRead MoreStereotypes Of Minority Groups During Media1733 Words   |  7 Pagesstereotypes that continue to promote racism, and the discouragement of success in a minority group. The media portrays the dominant race in a positive way, while minority groups are depicted in ways that provide people with an invalid reason to feel hatred toward minority groups. Rac ial bias in media continues to promote stereotypes of minorities across the country. Oftentimes, news coverages’ labeling of minority groups leads to racial bias against non-dominant groups. In a recent study conductedRead MoreIslamophobia Is Well And Alive870 Words   |  4 Pagesdescribe the â€Å"hatred or fear of Muslims or of their politics or culture†. When the terrorist group of Al-Qaeda attacked the United States on September 11, 2001 there was a spike of hate crimes towards Muslim Americans in this country. Tragically enough, according to the Washington Post, Anti-Muslim hate crimes are five times more common today than they were before the attacks in 2001. Islamic extremists are great reason to blame. Many argue that these terrorist groups do not promote the religion itselfRead MoreAbrahamic Religions With Similar Rituals And Practices Essay1606 Words   |  7 Pagestwo religions with similar rituals and practices. Many historical events around the globe have put a wedge between Christians and Muslims. The Christian perspective is that Muslims are set to be dangerous and violent people. The Islamic community has a perspective of hatred from the Christian community. While Islam and Christianity are distinctively separate religions; they both stem from the same beginnings and are more alike than they may admit. Should they be considered separate Religions? OfRead MoreIslamophobia - The Fear of Anything Related to Islam1565 Words   |  6 PagesC., a field in Pennsylvania, and the place where the most damage occurred, the North and South Twin Towers in New York City. Over 3,000 people were killed in these attacks, mostly workers in the towers and the Pentagon who were of all races and religions including Muslims, Sikhs, and Hindus. Calamities like this should bring people together so that they may comfort one another after a great loss. Instead, it drove people apart out of fear of their safety in their own homes. People should rememberRead MoreIs Islamophobia Is Becoming A Problem That Be Addressed By All Muslims And Non Muslims?1304 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Deah Shaddy Barakat, Yusor Mohammad Abu-Salha, and Razan Mohammad Abu-Salha were executed by a gunman in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, last year. This hate crime committed against those three young Muslims is just one act of many acts of Islamophobia. I had read several other stories about assaulting or abusing a Muslim. Most Muslim started to be worried about their safety every place they go, in their work, in their schools. Islamophobia is becoming a problem that should be addressedRead MoreThe Controversy Of The Word Islamophobia By Orientalist Etienne Dinet2066 Words   |  9 Pagesuseful shorthand way of referring to the dread or hatred of Islam and, therefore, to the fear or dislike of all or most Muslims ¨ (Cesari, 2011, p.1). Such dread and dislike have existed in Western countries and cultures for centuries (Trust, 1997). The events of 9/11, which was a prominent act of terrorism in America, have caused a misunderstanding of the religion of Islam. Many Americans are comi ng to believe that all Muslims are violent and that Islam promotes violence (Zaal, 2012). However, this misunderstandingRead MoreEssay On Western Media1288 Words   |  6 PagesWestern Media Bias Towards White Terrorists Anti-Islam or â€Å"Islamophobic events† have almost tripled in the United Kingdom following a week after the terrorist attack on London Bridge and Borough Market on June 3rd, 2017 (Bilefsky). According to the office of the mayor of London, the Metropolitan Police reported that there were 120 Islamophobic events, compared to 36 the week before the June 3rd attack (Bilefsky). One of the more recent hate crimes directed towards Muslims took place on June 19thRead MoreIran As A Case Of Iran1332 Words   |  6 PagesIran is an Islamic country that has strict rules, and low level of freedom. In terms of religion, unlike the Arab countries who mostly follow the Sunni branch, most of the population in Iran are following the Shia branch which is a branch of Islam. Religion to Iranian people and perhaps most of the Arab countries is a really sensitive topic. In general, as a Muslim, I know that disagree with other branches of Islam in Iran can get you into conflicts if you have differ ent beliefs, and we will go over

Improving the Cultural Responsiveness of Victorian Hospitals

Question: Discuss about teImproving the Cultural Responsiveness of Victorian Hospitals. Answer: Introduction The evaluation plan deals with the impact of the evaluation of the community program regarding Improving the Cultural Responsiveness of Victorian Hospitals. The evaluation plan involves the Aboriginal health evaluation through the program. Background information is provided regarding the program along with the goals and objectives that are being followed to make the program effective among the Aboriginals. In detail, analysis of the evaluation strategy has been drawn to discuss the purpose of the evaluation plan, along with the rationale of the evaluation, evaluation design, data collection and analysis method, the budget and the period of the program has been discussed. Description Of The Program Cultural responsiveness framework for Victorian health services/hospitals include several standards based on which cultural responsiveness are adhered to. The Health Service Cultural Diversity Plans (HSCDP) is responsible for framing the cultural responsiveness for Victorian health services (Brock, Charlton and Yeatman 2014). The main reason of formulating such plans was to introduce a range of strategies and policies, which would aid in removing the barrier that patient from culturally as well as linguistically diverse background faces. This led to the framing of the Cultural Responsiveness Framework Implementation Plan to remove these barriers and make the patients more accessible towards the health care services (Mercer 2013). HSCDP intended to provide quality care to all by aiding in the promotion of the multicultural community of Victoria. It also intended to employ a workforce, which will be culturally proficient in treating the needs of such patients, adhering strictly to the school of beliefs they belong too. Several policies have been set up in context to the health related problems as faced by the Aboriginals (Pesco 2014), namely, Koolin Balit: Victorian Government Strategic Directions for Aboriginal Health (2012-2022), Victorian Aboriginal Affairs Framework (2013-2018), Victorian Health Priorities Framework (2012-2022), Aboriginal Health Promotion and Chronic Care Partnership (AHPACC) (2011-2014), Victorian Aboriginal Healthplan (VACKH), National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Workforce Strategic Framework (2011-2015). Goals Specific To The Program Exact population of Aboriginals who are visiting the Victorian hospitals. To provide with improved access of the aboriginals to Victorian hospitals. To encourage the formulation of a partnership between the Victorian hospitals and any organization that is based in the aboriginal community, for example, Victorian Aboriginal Health Service. To identify the fact that the cultural responsiveness does not only encompass high quality level of treatment to patients belonging to the Aboriginal community but it also applies to patients too with a different cultural background. Objectives To Encompass In The Program To reduce the occurrence of premature death of the Aboriginals due to medical negligence. To provide with a holistic environment at the hospital to treat the Aboriginals so that their culture and beliefs are not hurt. To arrange for orientation programs to develop better translation skills among the staff at the hospitals. Strategies To Encourage Aboriginals To Join The Program Providing the health care personnel at the Victorian hospitals with resources to build a background regarding the Aboriginals. Appoint the Aboriginals and equip them to understand the pros of accessing health care, thereby resulting into encouraging the others to approach the medical staff without any hesitations. Literature Review This program needs to be evaluated because the effectiveness of the program has to be assessed. The lack of education and the communication gap prevents the Aboriginals to be properly diagnosed by the doctors. Most of the times, the natives die due to lack of treatment and this also because of their reluctance in being treated with medicines (Mercer, Byrth and Jordan 2014). The life expectancy has gone down too for the Aboriginals as they develop several diseases, which prove to be life threatening for them for most of the times. The life expectancy of an average Aboriginal man is as low as 11.5 yrs and it is shockingly lower than that, 9.1 yrs for females (Kirmayer 2012). They also run a higher chance of being admitted in the hospital than a regular Australian. They are not very keen on using modern and advanced technology to be diagnosed or get the diseases treated. The neo-natal mortality rates are also very high among them due to the unhygienic delivery and handling of the new bo rn (Komaric, Bedford and van Driel 2012). The program was developed in order to improve cultural responsiveness among the Victorian hospitals towards the Aboriginals so that they would approach the health personnel to receive help. Cultural responsiveness relates to the idea where the health care services are respectful towards the cultural and language based requirements of the patients who belong to different communities (Nelson et al. 2014). It comprises of strategies that deals with providing care to patients irrespective of their cultural background, where the treatment is more culture oriented and involves lesser technical orientation. To be culturally responsive also requires one to be culturally competent (Durey et al. 2016). Hence, the the staff needs to be trained so that they are culturally competent to deal with patients. Several beliefs and practices are related to a patients community/ house of belief. The competence to take action regarding issues related to health care of different communities falls within the primary idea of cultural responsiveness (Walker , Schultz and Sonn 2014). There are six standards, which is a part of the cultural responsiveness framework. The first standard deals with t he idea of practicing culturally responsive treatment on an entire organizational level. The second standard concerns with demonstration of leadership for cultural responsiveness (Clifford et al. 2015). The third standard states that interpreter is going to be provided to patients who need them. The fourth standard also demonstrates the inclusive pattern of practice in care planning. The fifth standard deals with the regular reviewing of programs as well as services are carried out by the CALD (Culturally and Linguistically Diverse, Australia) (Jongen et al. 2014). The sixth standard outlines the need of developing cultural responsiveness and the staffs are offered with opportunities to improve their professional attitude. The Cultural responsiveness Framework is based on 4 typical domains, namely, Domain 1 deals with the effectiveness of the organization. This domain speaks of the importance of considering the effectiveness of the cultural response framework on an all-whole organization movement (Maher, Turnour and Stewart 2012). This means that each branch of health science is initiated to participate in the effort of familiarizing with a culture based responsiveness treatment and care (Durey et al. 2016). Domain 2 deals with the management of risk. Providing culturally safe treatment to patient forms the backbone of the second domain (Ware 2013). The Aboriginals feel threatened while accessing health care facilities recognized by the mainstream. Effective care and treatment can only be imparted to a patient when a fluency in communication between the caregivers and the patients exist (Browne, Hayes and Gleeson 2014). This aids in making better diagnosis of the ailment of the patient and prompt application of treatment. However, this proves to be problematic due to the communication gap. The appointment of efficient translators can solve this problem. Domain 3 deals with the participation of the consumers in the plan. The culture responsiveness treatment program is a two way street. The patient requires to be taking an active participation in seeking help from the health care personnel (Chapman, Smith and Martin 2014). Domain 4 deals with the effectiveness of workforce where, the health care personnel are trained to deal with patients from culturally diverse background (Durey et al. 2012). A trained approach will help the patients from giving away their apprehension from reneging in diagnosis and treatment which are modern and technologically advanced (Holland et al. 2014). The Aboriginals are known to be affected by several diseases such as the diabetes, renal failure, respiratory diseases, circulatory system based diseases and several other contagious diseases (Kildea et al. 2012). Due to poverty, lack of education, lack of access to health services, and the conservative nature, they die premature death. This can be avoided if the Aboriginals can be persuaded in participating in the program. By hiring the natives and training them accordingly, can help in persuading the other natives to approach the doctors with lesser apprehension (Singer, Bennett-Levy and Rotumah 2015). The strategies that were chalked as a part of the health program can only prove to be effective if they policies are essentially followed. A dearth of resources leads to the health plan facing a setback. Funds need to be oriented towards departments for allocation of translators to patients (Gwynn et al. 2015). Evaluation of the Aboriginal health program is important in order to assess whether the program is being effective or not in helping the Aboriginals. Based on the evaluation plan, decisions can be made whether or not the program needs to be scraped off or should be continued with (Truong, Paradies and Priest 2014). Evaluation Based Questions To what extent has the plan been implemented? To what extent has the target been achieved? What are the factors responsible for achieving success post implementation of the plan? If at all, whether the footfall of the Aboriginal have increased or decreased in the Victorian hospitals post the implementation of the plan? Whether any difference in the experience has been felt by the Aboriginals post their stay at the hospital? If there is any necessity for the program to require any sort of modifications? How can the comfort level between both the parties be rated? If there are certain strategies which has proved to be ineffective? What is being done to increase the boundary of assessment of the proper implementation of the cultural responsiveness framework in hospitals outside Victoria? Purpose Of Evaluation To appraise the efficiency of the program, Improving the Cultural Responsiveness of Victorian Hospitals. To ascertain the drawbacks and the advantages of the program. To make sure that there are no gaps between the organizational level and clinical practice level. To assure that proper implementation of the aspects of the program are being carried out. Design Of Evaluation The pattern of design that was chosen for the assessment of the evaluation plan was a quasi-experimental design. This experimental model helps in carrying out a study on an empirical basis (Parter and Browne 2012). The model concerns a target population on whom the impact of an intervention is tested. The quasi-experimental model helps in determining the variables in the experiment (Oliver 2013). In the current evaluation plan, quasi-experimental design will be applied to evaluate the program of improving the cultural responsiveness in Victorian hospitals as part of Aboriginal Health Plan. The evaluation plan study will involve nursing staff and doctors at the Victorian hospitals, which are in partnership with the Medical Unit of the Victorian Aboriginal Health Service. The contenders of the study belong to the age group of 20-40 years and they will be 2000 in number. From four pre-selected Victorian hospitals, 500 contenders will be chosen. The Royal Melbourne Hospital, St. Vincents Hospital was chosen as intervention group and Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria General Hospital was considered as the control or the comparison group. All the participants of the groups will have to undergo a pre- and post- interview sessions. The primary idea of the evaluation plan was to determine whether cultural responsiveness is being practiced effectively or not by the staff at the hospitals towards the Aboriginals. Rationale For The Evaluation Design The randomization of groups was not possible in the current evaluation plan, therefore quasi-experimental design was chosen. Quasi-experimental design was chosen because it is effective in analyzing pre- and post- experimental data (Durey 2013). This particular experimental is also being used as the intervention group is similar to the control group, that is, the participants are all nurses and doctors in both the cases. This uniformity in the groups aids in establishing quality match which is necessary for a good impact evaluation. This particular experimental design treats a program as an intervention in which the elements/strategies of the intervention are being achieved/ followed (Dwyer, Willis and Kelly 2014). Along with that, impact evaluation studies are best analyzed with the help of quasi-experimental design. Both the intervention as well as the control group is involved. In this particular evaluation plan, it is not possible to use individuals in a random fashion in the tre atment or the control groups. The quasi-experimental model as used to study the evaluation plan. Data Collection And Analysis Method The intervention group consisted of nurses and doctors from the Royal Melbourne Hospital and St. Vincents hospital. The control group was represented by Royal Jubilee Hospital and Victoria General Hospital. They will be interviewed based on the questionnaire which will be prepared in simple English. They will be interviewed twice throughout the entire duration of the study, both the control and the intervention group. They will be interviewed prior to the implementation of the Aboriginal Health Plan program. The data collected that will be collected during this time will be kept in order to tally them with the data that will be collected post the implementation of the program. A longitudinal research based survey was carried out to collect the data. The method that was used to analyze the data is known as the difference- in- differences design (DID). With the help of this particular design, it helps in comparing the changes in the result over a period of time in between the intervention as well as the comparison group in order to evaluate the impact. This method is useful evaluating quantitative impact, however it is usually used in relation with RDD (Regression Discontinuity Design) or PSM (Propensity Score Matching). DID is accompanied by either of the two designs in order to rule out any sort of bias subjects which might exist in the data (Browne et al. 2013). Removal of bias subject is necessary in order to maintain uniformity in the data to be evaluated. The only disadvantage of DID is the use of the assumption known as parallel trend assumption. This assumption allows the interest indicators present in the intervention as well as the control group to follow the same path. Sample Survey Questionnaire What is the age group of the people among the Aboriginals who are frequent visitors at the hospital? What are the ailments with which they usually approach the doctors? Are you comfortable in communicating with them? Are they reluctant while being diagnosed by machines for any anomalies? If yes, how do you deal with it? Are you comfortable with some new strategies that are being employed in the health care system? If no, what makes you uncomfortable about them? Time Line For The Components Of The Evaluation Strategy Strategies Person Concerned Dec Jan Duration Feb Mar Apr May Formulation of the evaluation plan Surveyors Selection of the hospital and the participants Surveyors Conducting survey through questionnaire Surveyors Performing telephonic interview Surveyors Collection of data Surveyors Analysis of data Data analysts/ Statistician Arrange for community based program among the Aboriginals Surveyors Arrange for orientation program for the healthcare staff Surveyors Revision of the plan if necessary Surveyors Budget Proposal For The Evaluation Strategy Items to be covered $ (in AUD) Workforce charges: Surveyors 60,000 Data Analysts 20,000 Travelling and Lodging 10,000 Subtotal 90,000 Miscellanes charges: Printing Questionnaires 15,000 Advertisement printing 35,000 Telephone call charges 22,000 Subtotal 72,000 Total 162,000 Conclusion There is one significant drawback of the evaluation plan, that is, the evaluation of the program was carried out only in a small area in Victoria. The perimeter of the study area has to be increased to determine the real effectiveness of the program. The Aboriginals who lack education and deny to be treated with medicines mete out the biggest setback for the program. If the Aboriginals cannot be persuaded in visiting the hospitals, the idea of providing culturally responsive treatment becomes pointless. The existing program should revise its aspects, where it should be included that creating awareness among the Aboriginals is the first measure that has to be addressed. References: Brock, E., Charlton, K.E. and Yeatman, H., 2014. Identification and evaluation of models of antenatal care in Australiaa review of the evidence.Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology,54(4), pp.300-311. Browne, J., Hayes, R. and Gleeson, D., 2014. Aboriginal health policy: is nutrition the gapin Closing the Gap?.Australian and New Zealand journal of public health,38(4), pp.362-369. Browne, J., Thorpe, S., Tunny, N., Adams, K. and Palermo, C., 2013. A qualitative evaluation of a mentoring program for Aboriginal health workers and allied health professionals.Australian and New Zealand journal of public health,37(5), pp.457-462. Chapman, R., Smith, T. and Martin, C., 2014. Qualitative exploration of the perceived barriers and enablers to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people accessing healthcare through one Victorian Emergency Department.Contemporary nurse,48(1), pp.48-58. Clifford, A., McCalman, J., Bainbridge, R. and Tsey, K., 2015. Interventions to improve cultural competency in health care for Indigenous peoples of Australia, New Zealand, Canada and the USA: a systematic review.International Journal for Quality in Health Care,27(2), pp.89-98. Durey, A., McEvoy, S., Swift-Otero, V., Taylor, K., Katzenellenbogen, J. and Bessarab, D., 2016. Improving healthcare for Aboriginal Australians through effective engagement between community and health services.BMC Health Services Research,16(1), p.224. Durey, A., Thompson, S.C., Wood, M. and Arabena, K., 2013. Future initiatives to improve the health and wellbeing of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.The Medical Journal of Australia,199(1), pp.22-22. Durey, A., Wynaden, D., Thompson, S.C., Davidson, P.M., Bessarab, D. and Katzenellenbogen, J.M., 2012. Owning solutions: a collaborative model to improve quality in hospital care for Aboriginal Australians.Nursing inquiry,19(2), pp.144-152. Dwyer, J., Willis, E. and Kelly, J., 2014. Hospitals caring for rural Aboriginal patients: holding response and denial.Australian Health Review,38(5), pp.546-551. Gwynn, J., Lock, M., Turner, N., Dennison, R., Coleman, C., Kelly, B. and Wiggers, J., 2015. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community governance of health research: Turning principles into practice.Australian Journal of Rural Health,23(4), pp.235-242. Holland, C., 2014. Close the Gap-progress and priorities report 2014. Jongen, C., McCalman, J., Bainbridge, R. and Tsey, K., 2014. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander maternal and child health and wellbeing: a systematic search of programs and services in Australian primary health care settings.BMC pregnancy and childbirth,14(1), p.1. Kildea, S., Stapleton, H., Murphy, R., Low, N.B. and Gibbons, K., 2012. The Murri clinic: a comparative retrospective study of an antenatal clinic developed for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women.BMC pregnancy and childbirth,12(1), p.1. Kirmayer, L., 2012. Rethinking cultural competence.Transcultural Psychiatry,49(2), p.149. Komaric, N., Bedford, S. and van Driel, M.L., 2012. Two sides of the coin: patient and provider perceptions of health care delivery to patients from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds.BMC health services research,12(1), p.1. Maher, L., Turnour, C. and Stewart, J., 2012. Reporting of Aboriginal people in health data collections in NSW.New South Wales public health bulletin,23(4), pp.61-62. Mercer, C., 2013. The Experiences of Aboriginal Health Workers (AHWs) and Health Professionals Working Collaboratively in the Delivery of Health Care to Aboriginal Australians: A Systematic Review.HNE Handover: For Nurses and Midwives,6(1). Mercer, C., Byrth, J. and Jordan, Z., 2014. The experiences of Aboriginal health workers and nonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Aboriginal health professionals working collaboratively in the delivery of health care to Aboriginal Australians: a systematic review.JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports,12(3), pp.234-418. Nelson, J., Ryan, K., Rotumah, D., Bennettà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Levy, J., Budden, W., Stirling, J., Wilson, S. and Beale, D., 2014. Aboriginal practitioners offer culturally safe and responsive CBT: Response to commentaries.Australian Psychologist,49(1), pp.22-27. Oliver, S.J., 2013. The role of traditional medicine practice in primary health care within Aboriginal Australia: a review of the literature.Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine,9(1), p.1. Parter, C. and Browne, K., 2012. How can we do things differently in Aboriginal health? The same challenges seen through new eyes.New South Wales public health bulletin,23(4), pp.45-47. Pesco, D., 2014. Working With Aboriginal Children and Families: Cultural Responsiveness and Beyond.Canadian Journal of Speech-Language Pathology Audiology,38(2). Singer, J., Bennett-Levy, J. and Rotumah, D., 2015. You didnt just consult community, you involved us: transformation of a top-downAboriginal mental health project into a bottom-upcommunity-driven process.Australasian Psychiatry,23(6), pp.614-619. Truong, M., Paradies, Y. and Priest, N., 2014. Interventions to improve cultural competency in healthcare: a systematic review of reviews.BMC health services research,14(1), p.1. Walker, R. and Sonn, C., 2010. Working as a culturally competent mental health practitioner.Working together: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health and wellbeing principles and practice, pp.157-180. Walker, R., Schultz, C. and Sonn, C., 2014. Cultural competenceTransforming policy, services, programs and practice.Working together: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander mental health and wellbeing principles and practice, pp.195-220. Ware, V., 2013.Improving the accessibility of health services in urban and regional settings for Indigenous people(Vol. 27). Australian Institute of Health and Welfare.

Anticipating Barriers to Implementation

Question: Give a brief explanation of what types of barriers that health care administrators might face during the implementation process of a marketing plan. Then, propose two strategies that health care administrators might use to best address the barriers identified, and explain why. Answer: Anticipating Barriers to Implementation In the given case, Marcus was provided a substantial budget that was later reduced by 25% for marketing. Marketing plan helps in defining marketing objectives of an organization. In the given case, effectively implemented marketing plans shall help in spreading awareness about youth anti-smoking, but several barriers were encountered by Marcus. Types of Barriers Resource Barriers- The greatest barrier to a marketing planning is lack of resources such as finance, time and money. The success of a marketing plan depends on the effectiveness of the marketing campaign. For example, shortage of people can affect distribution of flyers or brochures. Lack of funds may limit the reach or effectiveness of the campaign (Wood, 2012). Lack of efficient systems- The lack of appropriate systems may impede marketing plans. For example, the best marketing approach can only be determined if an effective market survey is conducted. The marketing team may not seek approval for each item of expenditure and timely implementation (Wood, 2012). Proposed Strategies Conduct high-quality market research- Thee market survey shall help in determining the behaviour of people. High-quality market research shall help in determining the target segments. Different campaigns can be designed for different target segments in the manner that shall be best perceived (Crouch Housden, 2012). Reallocation of Marketing Budget- The marketing media shall be selected in a manner that shall provide maximum reach with minimum cost. Since the youth are more attracted to social media, websites such as Facebook and Instagram can be used providing maximum reach (Crouch Housden, 2012). References Crouch, S. Housden, M. (2012).Marketing research for managers. Amsterdam: Butterworth-Heinemann. Wood, M. (2012).Essential guide to marketing planning. Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall.